Given the geographical positioning coinciding with the main migratory
routes, and also given the big variety of integral habitats it offers, Circeo National Park, with 25 different species of birds which
have been recorded in the census of the last years, has in the avifauna
its main faunistic aspect. In particular, among the analysed species,
there are several Coots and Cormorants and rare species like the
Peregrine, the Osprey, the White-tailed Eagle, the Crane, the Greater
Flamingo, the Spoonbill, etc.
On the contrary, as far as mammals
are concerned, there are only about 20 species of them. Nowdays there
are severals studies and evaluations about the opportunity and the
possibility of re-introducing some species, according to the programmes
of preservation and global recovery of the natural environments.
Of particular interest is the presence of many Insects,
Reptiles (the four-lined snake, the European grass snake, the western
whip snake, the slow worm, the asp viper, the European pond turtle, the
spur-thighed tortoise), Amphibians (the common toad, the common frog,
the newt), and Fishes (in the lakes, the grey mullet, the eel, the
bass, the gilthead, the white bream, the sole - in the canals, the
carp, the tench, the perch).
In the Park, the fauna is
divided according to different habitats, in virtue of a dynamic balance
with all the other environmental elements. They coincide with the
following five natural environments:
- The Forest houses: the wild boar, the fallow deer, the roe deer, the badger, the
fox, the polecat, the hedgehog, the weasel, the bat, the mole, the
shrew mouse, the dormouse, the woodcock, the woodpidgeon, the stock
dove, the turtle dove, the cuckoo, the owl, the little owl, the tawny
owl, the barn owl, the honey buzzard, the buzzard, the kestrel, the
hobby, the black kite, the green woodpecker, the great spotted
woodpecker, the lesser spotted woodpecker, the thrush, the blackbird,
the robin, the nightingale, the dunnock, the great tit, the blue tit,
the wren, etc.
- In the Promontory we find: the fox, the wild boar, the badger, the weasel, the bat, the
wild pigeon, the swallow, the pallid swift, the blue rock thrush, the
Sardinian warbler, the dartford warbler, the house martin, the sand
martin, the shrike, the linnet, the quail, the peregrine, the buzzard,
the sparrow-hawk, etc.
- In the Dune there are: the fox, the wild rabbit, the weasel, the badger, the
porcupine, the roller, the hoopoe, the spotted flycatcher, the
whitethroat, the blackcap, the serin, the golden oriole, the
oystercatcher, seagulls, etc.
- In the Wetlands can be observed: the fox, the porcupine, the hedgehog, the osprey, the
marsh harrier, the red-footed falcon, the lesser kestrel, the
short-eared owl, the pheasant, the wigeon, the pintail, the garganey,
the shoveler, the pochard, the moorhen, the coot, the plover, the grey
plover, the lapwing, the little stint, the curled sandpiper, the ruff,
the redshank, the greenshank, the godwit, the curlew, the avocet, the
black-winged stilt, the white stork , the grery heron, the red heron,
the little egret, etc.
- In the Island of Zannone,
besides several migratory birds which can also be found in the other
natural areas, we found the marsh harrier and the peregrine, some
important endemic species like lizards, lepidopters, spiders,
orthoptera, and a mammal: the mouflon, which was been brought to the
island in the 1920s.
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